2017年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)試題
考研英語(yǔ)一試題只分為了三個(gè)部分，第二個(gè)部分就是閱讀理解。下面是小編整理的一些考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題，歡迎閱讀!
Part A
Text 1
France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.
The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death - as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.
The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.
The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep — and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.
In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.’ The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.
Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.
21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?
[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.
[B] New runways would be constructed.
[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.
[D] The fashion industry would decline.
22. The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2, Para 2) is closest in meaning to____
[A] heightening the value of.
[B] indicating the state of.
[C] losing faith in.
[D] doing harm to.
23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?
[A] The French measures have already failed.
[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.
[C] Model are no longer under peer pressure.
[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.
24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for ____
[A] setting a high age threshold for models.
[B] caring too much about models’ character.
[C] showing little concern for health factors.
[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.
25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?
[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry
[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty
[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France
[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals
Text 2
For the first time in history, more people live in towns than in the county. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal firmly, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.
A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.
At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priori over conservation, even authorizing “off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.
The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are.in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.
The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more house but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against. high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have growl and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?
Development should be planned .not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. there is no doubt of the alternative - the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal Spain or Ireland avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite left and right of the political spectrum.
26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside
[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.
[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.
[C] is fully backed by the royal family.
[D] is not well reflected in politics.
【答案】 [D] is not well reflected in politics
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干回到原文精確定位到首段最后一句：“然而民意調(diào)查顯示英國(guó)人把鄉(xiāng)村與皇室家族、莎士比亞和國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系一起視為使他們?yōu)樽约簢?guó)家感到最自豪的事物，這擁有有限的政治支持”，該句中的polls“民意調(diào)查“對(duì)應(yīng)題干中的public sentiment，“this has limited political support”對(duì)應(yīng)[D]項(xiàng)“is not well reflected in politics”，意為“在政治上沒有得到很好的反響”，是對(duì)原文的同義替換。[B]項(xiàng)“給國(guó)家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系帶了了很多益處”，[A]項(xiàng)“直到莎士比亞時(shí)期才開始”，[C]項(xiàng)“得到了皇室家族的全力支持”，文章均未提及，屬于“無(wú)中生有”。
27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being
[A] gradually destroyed.
[B] effectively reinforced..
[C] properly protected.
[D] largely overshadowed.
【答案】 [D] largely overshadowed
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的the National Trust定位到第二段首句。第二段首句提到這一項(xiàng)目的目的是為每個(gè)人永久保存自然地區(qū)的美麗。再根據(jù)第二段的第三句“Hill的項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造出國(guó)家公園和綠地。他們不再制造鄉(xiāng)村了，而且每年鋼筋混凝土消耗的鄉(xiāng)村越來越多。鄉(xiāng)村需要持久的保護(hù)”�？芍�(dāng)時(shí)的項(xiàng)目取得的成就已經(jīng)不再發(fā)揮影響，[D]項(xiàng)“被大大奪去了光輝(即失去了影響力)”為正確選項(xiàng)。[A]項(xiàng)“被漸漸破壞”，[B]項(xiàng)“被有效地加強(qiáng)了”，[C]項(xiàng)“被合理地保護(hù)”，均不符合題意。
28. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?
[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development
[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.
[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.
[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.
【答案】 [D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation
【解析】推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段。第二段提到鄉(xiāng)村亟待保護(hù)，第三段首句提到在接下來的選舉中似乎沒有一個(gè)大的政黨支持這種(公眾)情緒。第六七句提到：只有Ukip意識(shí)到其機(jī)會(huì)，支持那些懇求在使用綠地上有更周全的方法的人，它發(fā)起的“保護(hù)英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村”的運(yùn)動(dòng)使許多當(dāng)?shù)氐谋Ｊ攸h感到恐懼�？梢奤kip的做法符合大眾情緒，會(huì)因此獲益。[A]項(xiàng)的“Ukip可能因支持保護(hù)鄉(xiāng)村而獲益”是對(duì)原文的同義替換。
29. The author holds that George Osborne’s preference
[A] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.
[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.
[C] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.
[D] highlights his firm stand i against lobby Pressure.
【答案】[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞George Osborne定位至第五段，第五段第二句提到Osborne支持鄉(xiāng)村新建住宅反對(duì)城市改造和重建，支持郊區(qū)購(gòu)物場(chǎng)所反對(duì)城市商業(yè)街。由此可知Osborne的是支持城市保護(hù)，反對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村保護(hù)。接下來幾句作者表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)：這不是一個(gè)自由的市場(chǎng)而是一個(gè)有偏見的市場(chǎng)。接著提到：鄉(xiāng)村的小鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村已經(jīng)得到發(fā)展并將繼續(xù)發(fā)展，它們?cè)诮ㄖ䦂?jiān)持界線和尊重它們的特點(diǎn)方面做的非常好，我們沒有破壞城市受保護(hù)的區(qū)域，為什么要破壞鄉(xiāng)村的呢?可見Osborne的觀點(diǎn)只強(qiáng)調(diào)城市，忽視了鄉(xiāng)村，[B]項(xiàng)“表明他對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村區(qū)域特色的忽視”符合文意，為正確選項(xiàng)。[A]項(xiàng)“揭示出對(duì)城市區(qū)域的強(qiáng)烈偏見”，Osborne重視城市反對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村，與文意相悖;[C]項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)了緩解住房壓力的必要性”，[D]項(xiàng)“突出了他反對(duì)游說團(tuán)壓力的堅(jiān)定立場(chǎng)”，文中并未提及，屬于“無(wú)中生有”。
30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of
[A] the size of population in Britain.
[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.
[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain.
[D]the political life in today’s Britain.
【答案】 [C] the town-and-country planning in Britain
【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第二句：“Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living.”，[C]項(xiàng)的“the town-and-country planning in Britain”是對(duì)原文的同義替換，為正確選項(xiàng)。[A]項(xiàng)“英國(guó)人口的規(guī)模”，[B]項(xiàng)“英國(guó)令人羨慕的都市生活方式”，[D]項(xiàng)“當(dāng)今英國(guó)的政治生活”，均不符合題意。
Text 3
Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.
The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?
A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.
While all of these countries face their own challenges , there are a number of consistent themes . Yes , there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash , but in key indicators in areas such as health and education , major economies have continued to decline . Yet this isn’t the case with all countries . Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society , income equality and the environment.
This is a lesson that rich countries can learn : When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different .
So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations , as a measure , it is no longer enough . It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes – all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.
The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth . But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress .
31.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he
[A]praised the UK for its GDP.
[B]identified GDP with happiness .
[C]misinterpreted the role of GDP .
[D]had a low opinion of GDP .
32.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that
[A]the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .
[B]GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .
[C]the UK will contribute less to the world economy .
[D]policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .
33.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study ?
[A]It is sponsored by 163 countries .
[B]It excludes GDP as an indicator.
[C]Its criteria are questionable .
[D]Its results are enlightening .
34.In the last two paragraphs , the author suggests that
[A]the UK is preparing for an economic boom .
[B]high GDP foreshadows an economic decline .
[C]it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP .
[D]it requires caution to handle economic issues .
35.Which of the following is the best title for the text ?
[A]High GDP But Inadequate Well-being , a UK Lesson
[B]GDP Figures , a Window on Global Economic Health
[C]Rebort F. Kennedy , a Terminator of GDP
[D]Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-being
Text 4
In a rare unanimous ruling, the US Supreme Court has overturned the corruption conviction of a former Virginia governor, Robert McDonnell. But it did so while holding its nose at the ethics of his conduct, which included accepting gifts such as a Rolex watch and a Ferrari automobile from a company seeking access to government.
The high court’s decision said the judge in Mr. McDonnell’s trial failed to tell a jury that it must look only at his “official acts,” or the former governor’s decisions on “specific” and “unsettled” issues related to his duties.
Merely helping a gift-giver gain access to other officials, unless done with clear intent to pressure those officials, is not corruption, the justices found.
The court did suggest that accepting favors in return for opening doors is “distasteful” and “nasty.” But under anti-bribery laws, proof must be made of concrete benefits, such as approval of a contract or regulation. Simply arranging a meeting, making a phone call, or hosting an event is not an “official act”.
The court’s ruling is legally sound in defining a kind of favoritism that is not criminal. Elected leaders must be allowed to help supporters deal with bureaucratic problems without fear of prosecution for bribery.” The basic compact underlying representative government,” wrote Chief Justice John Roberts for the court,” assumes that public officials will hear from their constituents and act on their concerns.”
But the ruling reinforces the need for citizens and their elected representatives, not the courts, to ensure equality of access to government. Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift. This type of integrity requires well-enforced laws in government transparency, such as records of official meetings, rules on lobbying, and information about each elected leader’s source of wealth.
Favoritism in official access can fan public perceptions of corruption. But it is not always corruption. Rather officials must avoid double standards, or different types of access for average people and the wealthy. If connections can be bought, a basic premise of democratic society—that all are equal in treatment by government—is undermined. Good governance rests on an understanding of the inherent worth of each individual.
The court’s ruling is a step forward in the struggle against both corruption and official favoritism.
36. The undermined sentence (Para.1) most probably shows that the court
[A] avoided defining the extent of McDonnell’s duties.
[B] made no compromise in convicting McDonnell.
[C] was contemptuous of McDonnell’s conduct.
[D] refused to comment on McDonnell’s ethics.
37. According to Paragraph 4, an official act is deemed corruptive only if it involves
[A] leaking secrets intentionally.
[B] sizable gains in the form of gifts.
[C] concrete returns for gift-givers.
[D] breaking contracts officially.
38. The court’s ruling is based on the assumption that public officials are
[A] justified in addressing the needs of their constituents.
[B] qualified to deal independently with bureaucratic issues.
[C] allowed to focus on the concerns of their supporters.
[D] exempt from conviction on the charge of favoritism.
39. Well-enforced laws in government transparency are needed to
[A] awaken the conscience of officials.
[B] guarantee fair play in official access.
[C] allow for certain kinds of lobbying.
[D] inspire hopes in average people.
40. The author’s attitude toward the court’s ruling is
[A] sarcastic.
[B] tolerant.
[C] skeptical.
[D] supportive
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
[A] Create a new image of yourself
[B] Decide if the time is right
[C] Have confidence in yourself
[D] Understand the context
[E] Work with professionals
[F] Know your goals
[G] Make it efficient
No matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in fast impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.
The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems , face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.
So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:
41_________________
As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.
【答案】[B]
【解析】此段第一句話主句里面說“在過渡的階段提升自我形象尤其有用”。第二句和第三、四句分別展開說明，第二句表明：如果你處在變動(dòng)的時(shí)期或者感覺需要變動(dòng)，那么可能這可能是一個(gè)好的時(shí)機(jī)。相反，第三、四句話表示：如果不確定的話，就需要得到別人的反饋了，也許無(wú)需提升。故整段的意思是說要先確定是否現(xiàn)在是提升自我形象的正確時(shí)機(jī)。故答案為[B]項(xiàng)。
42.__________________
Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)
【答案】[F]
【解析】此段中心句即第一句話，表明“要清楚你想要的結(jié)果或影響”。其實(shí)就是你想要的目標(biāo)。緊接著開始解釋，提到比如，你是否想要更新你的形象?那么，對(duì)于一個(gè)人來講，這個(gè)目標(biāo)可能是要變得嚴(yán)肅些或者要加強(qiáng)專業(yè)的形象。對(duì)于其他人，這個(gè)目標(biāo)可能是要變得更平易近人，或者是更現(xiàn)代化、更時(shí)尚。對(duì)于那些要從金融轉(zhuǎn)到廣告的，他們可能得看起來更“SOHO”�？梢娬味荚谥v目標(biāo)，[F]項(xiàng)中的“goal”與之對(duì)應(yīng)，故為答案。
43.____________________
Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand te cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.
【答案】[D]
【解析】本段主要闡述的內(nèi)容是要觀察你的工作環(huán)境，認(rèn)清環(huán)境中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并且最后一句說你對(duì)周圍的文化環(huán)境理解得越清晰，你越能控制你的影響。可知本段主要就是說要理解周圍的環(huán)境，故選[D]項(xiàng)。
44._____________________
Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.
【答案】[E]
【解析】本段第一句提到：要獲得專家的支持，和他們分享你的目標(biāo)和周圍環(huán)境，后面又提到可以雇傭造型師、攝影師等等，可見本段主要講的就是征詢專家的意見、和專家合作，故選[E]項(xiàng)。
45_____________________
The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time excessing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes …. once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.
【答案】[G]
【解析】此段第二句句首出現(xiàn)instead，這種轉(zhuǎn)折連詞后面往往是作者要表述的重要內(nèi)容。該句講的是“最好是將形象升級(jí)當(dāng)作是減少?zèng)Q定疲勞的機(jī)會(huì)”，即減少做決定，緊接著提到“選取一套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的工作服或幾個(gè)其他的選擇。和造型師一起把衣服一下子都買了，而不是一個(gè)人購(gòu)買，或者一次只買一件”。這些提到的都是要有效率。故選[G]項(xiàng)。
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese .You translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEKT. (10 points)
Mental health is our birthright. (46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy ;it it built into us that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.
Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem - confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives - the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles ,with kindness if they are in pain,and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for soving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.
(49) Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice.We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought .(50) As you will come to see ,knowing that mental heath is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.
46. We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.
【句子結(jié)構(gòu)】此句中分號(hào)連接了兩個(gè)并列句。第一個(gè)句子中how to be mentally healthy作learn的賓語(yǔ)。第二個(gè)句子主干是it is built into us，in the same way引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句說明built into us的方式，that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾way，其中定語(yǔ)從句中how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone作know的賓語(yǔ)。
【參考譯文】我們無(wú)需刻意去學(xué)習(xí)怎樣才能讓心理健康;它正如我們的身體知道怎樣愈合傷口和修復(fù)骨折一樣，是根植于我們體內(nèi)的/是我們與生俱來的能力。
47. Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.
【句子結(jié)構(gòu)】此句中分號(hào)連接了兩個(gè)并列句。第一個(gè)句子是簡(jiǎn)單句，第二個(gè)句子中，like the sun behind a cloud是狀語(yǔ)，but連接兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列分句，在翻譯時(shí)要注意be hidden from和be capable of的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的翻譯方法。
【參考譯文】我們的心理健康并不是真的消失不見;就像云朵背后的太陽(yáng)，它也許暫時(shí)被遮擋，但是它也可以在瞬間重?zé)ü饷ⅰ?/p>
48. Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.
【句子結(jié)構(gòu)】該句主干是Mental health allows us to view others，三個(gè)并列with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)，前兩個(gè)with引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)中各包含一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，最后一個(gè)with狀語(yǔ)中包含一個(gè)no matter引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
【參考譯文】心理健康使我們?cè)谒擞龅铰闊⿻r(shí)給予同情，在他人痛苦時(shí)心存善意，而且無(wú)論對(duì)方是誰(shuí)都會(huì)給予無(wú)條件的關(guān)愛。
49. Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.
【句子結(jié)構(gòu)】本題有一個(gè)由although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，以及that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)成。此處“mental health”若是翻譯成心理健康與下文連接，則不符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣，又因mental本身與智力相關(guān)，所以將其翻譯成“健康的心智”;此外“perfectly ordinary”可以正譯，譯為“非常普遍”，本譯文采取正話反說的方式，譯為“并不稀奇”。“difficult decisions”若翻譯為“困難的決定”，不符合中文的表達(dá)方式，所以將decision，名詞譯為動(dòng)詞“做決定”。
【參考譯文】盡管擁有健康的心智是我們生活中的萬(wàn)能藥，但它并不稀奇，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在你難以做決定時(shí)，它一直在指引著你。
50. As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.
【句子結(jié)構(gòu)】該句由as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句組成，并且考察代詞“it”。“see”在該句中是“了解”而不是“看到”的意思，前后的knowing可合并翻譯;“available”本意“可得到的”，該句中意譯為“一直存在的”。
【參考譯文】你會(huì)慢慢理解到，明白健康的心智會(huì)一直存在，并且堅(jiān)信這一點(diǎn)，那么此刻我們就可以放慢生活節(jié)奏，快樂地生活。
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