如何掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记?/title> <meta name="keywords" content="如何掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记?> <meta name="description" content="琵琶演奏中快速?gòu)椞艏记傻膬?yōu)劣，決定了演奏者對(duì)彈挑技術(shù)輕重緩急的控制與把握能力，而其中快速?gòu)椞敉苯佑绊懙脚醚葑嗟囊魳?lè)表現(xiàn)力與舞臺(tái)效果，這是由于琵琶樂(lè)曲中許多重要的快速且富有激情的樂(lè)段一般都是由快速?gòu)椞艏记蓙?lái)完成的。所以說(shuō)，琵琶快速?gòu)椞?> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://freetobecreative.com/static/css/v2/article.css">  <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform" /> <meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp" /> <script>var V_PATH="/";window.onerror=function(){ return true; };</script> </head> <body> <h1><a href="http://freetobecreative.com/">亚洲AV日韩AⅤ综合手机在线观看,激情婷婷久久综合色,欧美色五月婷婷久久,久久国产精品99久久人人澡</a></h1> <div style="position:fixed;left:-9000px;top:-9000px;"><xmp id="uk6uq"></xmp><abbr id="uk6uq"></abbr><pre id="uk6uq"><li id="uk6uq"><cite id="uk6uq"></cite></li></pre><fieldset id="uk6uq"><em id="uk6uq"><sup id="uk6uq"></sup></em></fieldset><fieldset id="uk6uq"><optgroup id="uk6uq"><button 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title='文藝體育'>文藝體育</a><code>></code><a href='http://freetobecreative.com/edu/shengyueqiyue/' title='聲樂(lè)器樂(lè)'>聲樂(lè)器樂(lè)</a><code>></code>如何掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记? </div> <div id="hvcdk7p" class="search"> </div> <div id="t2n72tg" class="rougao"> <a target="_blank" href="http://freetobecreative.com/usr/login.html" title="我要投稿">我要投稿</a> <a target="_blank" href="http://freetobecreative.com/contact.html" class="jianyi" title="投訴建議">投訴建議</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="2zfkrn2" class="main"> <div id="jwuqgkb" class="main-left"> <div id="juvcdp7" class="article"> <h1 class="title">如何掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记?/h1> <div id="u7d1uck" class="info"> <span id="xfdnjms" class="time">時(shí)間：2024-08-23 07:30:58 </span> <span id="pobhjch" class="sm_after_time"></span> <span id="32ulxhm" class="source"><a target="_blank" href="http://freetobecreative.com/edu/shengyueqiyue/" title="聲樂(lè)器樂(lè)">聲樂(lè)器樂(lè)</a></span> <span id="r2cqclp" class="source"><a target="_blank" href="http://freetobecreative.com/usr/login.html" title="我要投稿">我要投稿</a></span> </div> <div id="u2adzcd" class="content"> <div id="nlnou7a" class="excellent_articles_box"> <ul> <li id="n777lzd" class="excellent_articles_title">相關(guān)推薦</li> </ul> </div> <p>如何掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记?/p> <p>　　琵琶演奏中快速?gòu)椞艏记傻膬?yōu)劣，決定了演奏者對(duì)彈挑技術(shù)輕重緩急的控制與把握能力，而其中快速?gòu)椞敉苯佑绊懙脚醚葑嗟囊魳?lè)表現(xiàn)力與舞臺(tái)效果，這是由于琵琶樂(lè)曲中許多重要的快速且富有激情的樂(lè)段一般都是由快速?gòu)椞艏记蓙?lái)完成的。所以說(shuō)，琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记刹粌H是琵琶演奏中最重要的技法，同時(shí)也是琵琶演奏中最難以掌握的重要技巧之一。</p><p style="text-align: center;"><img loading="lazy" src="https://p.9136.com/00/l/c5fdc5c302_5fbf7f2983fa1.jpg" alt="如何掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记?/></p><p>　　那么，演奏者如何掌握和提高琵琶快速?gòu)椞舻募记珊湍芰δ�？�?shí)踐證明要達(dá)到這樣的目的，琵琶學(xué)習(xí)者沒(méi)有任何捷徑可走，更不能拔苗助長(zhǎng)，繞道速成，一蹴而就可以奏效的。這就必須在專業(yè)老師的指導(dǎo)下，掌握正確的訓(xùn)練方法，在經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期循序漸進(jìn)的刻苦練習(xí)，琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏记刹拍軌虻眯膽?yīng)手，運(yùn)用自如。</p><p>　　筆者認(rèn)為，要想很好的掌握琵琶快速?gòu)椞舻募记�，需要度過(guò)以下五個(gè)難關(guān)，供琵琶學(xué)習(xí)者與教學(xué)者共同探討。</p><p><strong>　　1、手型關(guān)。</strong></p><p>　　據(jù)筆者多年的琵琶教學(xué)實(shí)踐證明：手型的正確如否，對(duì)琵琶演奏質(zhì)量起著決定性作用。一般的講，手型對(duì)了，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)琵琶來(lái)說(shuō)就完成了一半。那么正確的手形應(yīng)該怎樣掌握呢？</p><p>　　左右兩手要呈半握拳狀，手心是空的，右手背的角度與琵琶面板形成平面，演奏時(shí)眼睛看不見(jiàn)手心為宜。兩只手的中、小關(guān)節(jié)都呈彎曲狀。右手的大指、食指都要彎曲成半圓形，兩個(gè)手指尖捏在一起，如同中間拈一粒黃豆，手戶口呈圓形，也就是龍眼指法的形狀。為什么要采取龍眼指法呢？因?yàn)辇堁壑阜▋蓚€(gè)指尖端距離近，運(yùn)動(dòng)行程小，彈挑動(dòng)作快，轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間短，對(duì)快速?gòu)椞裟軜?gòu)成有利條件，右手臂保持在穩(wěn)定的緊張與放松狀態(tài)。這樣，只要大指和食指積極運(yùn)動(dòng)，緊密配合，彈挑的速度就會(huì)自然加快。</p><p>　　快速?gòu)椞魹槭裁床豢梢圆扇‰u眼、鳳眼指法呢？因?yàn)檫@兩種指法的大指與食指的指尖距離較寬，運(yùn)動(dòng)行程較大，彈挑動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)換較慢，明顯影響快速?gòu)椞舻馁|(zhì)量和速度，所以不適應(yīng)快速?gòu)椞舻募挤ㄐ枰?/p><p>　<strong>　2、力度關(guān)。</strong></p><p>　　所謂力度，從力學(xué)上講，就是用來(lái)抨擊對(duì)方的重力。從客觀上講，人的手指處于人體構(gòu)成的神經(jīng)末梢，這就決定了兩手指尖的無(wú)力狀態(tài)，加之琵琶彈奏是反彈方向，不是往里抓弦，而是往外彈弦，因此手指的勁兒就更加軟弱無(wú)力。所以，手指無(wú)力，速度就無(wú)從談起。那么怎樣增強(qiáng)兩只手指的潛在力量呢？</p><p>　　一要從慢節(jié)奏的樂(lè)曲練習(xí)開(kāi)始。因?yàn)榉怕俣染毩?xí)彈挑，手指準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間充分，兩手運(yùn)籌力量充足，手指的松弛和緊張的轉(zhuǎn)換得到有機(jī)的配合，指尖的力量能夠得到有效的充電，兩指的潛能和活力能夠從根本上得到鍛煉和提高。</p><p>　　二是要堅(jiān)持經(jīng)常練功。常言說(shuō)得好，練琴練琴。顧名思義，琴是靠練出來(lái)的，不是靠耍小聰明能解決的。經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，學(xué)習(xí)琵琶演奏藝術(shù)，老師的指導(dǎo)僅占成功率的30%，而自己的勤學(xué)苦練卻占成功率的70%。偉大的科學(xué)家居里夫人深有感觸的說(shuō)：在成名的道路上，流的不是汗水而是鮮血；京劇大師梅蘭芳說(shuō)得好：成功就在于重復(fù)。所以學(xué)習(xí)琵琶快速?gòu)椞舾x不開(kāi)辛勤的汗水和重復(fù)。一般的講，初級(jí)階段的學(xué)生每天練琴時(shí)間不少于2個(gè)小時(shí)，中級(jí)階段的學(xué)生每天練琴要保證3個(gè)小時(shí)，高級(jí)階段的學(xué)生每天練琴時(shí)間不得少于4小時(shí)。只要在老師的指導(dǎo)下持之以恒，不懈努力，做到勤聽(tīng)、勤看、勤思、勤練，不惜付出汗水和心血，彈挑的力度和速度就會(huì)日漸提高。</p><p>　　三是要運(yùn)用好速度和力度的辯證關(guān)系。速度和力度是兩個(gè)不可分割的統(tǒng)一體，沒(méi)有力度就沒(méi)有速度。這是因?yàn)槭种讣自谇傧疑贤Ａ舻臅r(shí)間長(zhǎng)短決定的，停留時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，沖擊力就小，速度就慢；手指甲在琴弦上停留的時(shí)間越短，沖擊力就越大，速度就越快。我們?cè)谘葑噙^(guò)程中的用力與放松，實(shí)際運(yùn)作方式就是：用力—放松—再用力—再放松的交替過(guò)程。但是，用力與放松又是相對(duì)的。只強(qiáng)調(diào)放松，手指就會(huì)松懈無(wú)力；只強(qiáng)用力，手指就會(huì)生硬緊張。所以，手指必須在觸弦的一剎那間用力擊弦，產(chǎn)生連續(xù)的爆發(fā)力，才能集中體現(xiàn)手指潛在的力度和速度。因此，缺乏應(yīng)有力度的手指，就不可能產(chǎn)生剛勁快速的彈挑質(zhì)量和效果。</p><p>　<strong>　3、過(guò)弦關(guān)。</strong></p><p>　　過(guò)弦是一個(gè)難度較大的演奏技術(shù)問(wèn)題，它是由左右兩手對(duì)弦數(shù)變化操作能力的挑戰(zhàn)。其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是，右手彈挑多條弦時(shí)就像彈挑一條弦的速度一樣快捷。那么怎樣解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題呢？</p><p>　　一是右手的手虎口要保持規(guī)范的龍眼形狀。形成駕馭彈挑四條弦的準(zhǔn)備動(dòng)作，為快速過(guò)弦彈挑創(chuàng)造充分的交替轉(zhuǎn)換條件。</p><p>　　二是要區(qū)分好順向轉(zhuǎn)換和反向轉(zhuǎn)換的過(guò)弦走向關(guān)系。所謂順向轉(zhuǎn)換就是從第一弦向第四線運(yùn)行排列；反向轉(zhuǎn)換就是是從第四弦向第一弦運(yùn)行排列；還有跨弦循環(huán)轉(zhuǎn)換，即橫向從第一弦跳到第三弦，或從四弦跳到第二弦等等，因此，跨弦轉(zhuǎn)換指法是過(guò)弦難度較大的技巧，需要大腦指揮的快速反映能力和應(yīng)變能力。</p><p>　　三是手指和手臂的伸展和收縮。我強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，彈和挑起板的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化都要順應(yīng)快速過(guò)弦的需要。但一般的快速過(guò)弦彈挑，都是以彈弦在前，挑弦在后，無(wú)論是順向過(guò)弦、反向過(guò)弦和跨弦過(guò)弦都要遵循這個(gè)規(guī)律，挑弦起板只適應(yīng)個(gè)別音型。</p><p>　　四是左手指按弦運(yùn)動(dòng)要有較強(qiáng)的獨(dú)立性。尤其第三指（無(wú)名指）和小指按弦要有足夠的支撐力。換指的上下按指要有機(jī)交替，在同一個(gè)把位上，下音按指在上音按指未抬起前就要積極地按在下個(gè)音位上，下音按指不可在上音按指抬起后再按，否則就會(huì)延誤按指時(shí)間和速度。</p><p>　　五是指甲吃弦不要太深。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的吃弦深度占指甲的二分之一，吃弦深了彈挑的阻力就會(huì)加大，阻力大了必然會(huì)減慢彈挑速度。</p><p>　　六是食指指甲的膠布捆綁要科學(xué)。纏綁指甲時(shí)，第一圈膠布要把指甲后端的邊楞壓在底下，讓膠布和指甲邊楞形成平面，防止在演奏中出現(xiàn)刮弦故障，影響快速?gòu)椞舻墓?jié)奏和質(zhì)量。</p><p><strong>　　4、換把關(guān)。</strong></p><p>　　換把是因?yàn)榕靡粑话凑帐骄稍O(shè)置排列所決定的，也是琵琶演奏變換幅度較大的連接動(dòng)作。換把指法是由左手指、腕、臂垂直變換在相把位和四個(gè)品位之間的動(dòng)作，它的音域上下與大提琴的音域一般寬。是由左右手協(xié)調(diào)配合完成的換把技術(shù)。怎樣掌握換把方法呢？</p><p>　　一是左手臂不管是上行換把還是下行換把，都要敏捷快達(dá)，干凈利落，收放自如。上行換把手腕要孤起，下行還把手腕要凹下，這樣可憎加上下?lián)Q把的慣力。</p><p>　　二是左手指換把按音走手要迅速，定位要準(zhǔn)確。要學(xué)會(huì)并采用變通把位、移位替代換把、跳把和收縮動(dòng)作及替代伸展動(dòng)作等指法。</p><p>　　三是指序設(shè)計(jì)要科學(xué)有序。充分發(fā)揮保留指、平按指、交叉指和伸縮指等指法，盡力減少重復(fù)按指動(dòng)作和時(shí)間。手臂運(yùn)動(dòng)要適應(yīng)上下?lián)Q把的需要，注意加快上行還把的速度。</p><p>　　四是要練習(xí)好跨把和跳把運(yùn)動(dòng)的基本功，左手指要?jiǎng)偃紊习盐蛔詈笠粋€(gè)音和下把位頭一個(gè)音巧妙連接能力。要具備熟練地按音指序和大腦敏捷的反應(yīng)能力。如以D調(diào)為例：從相把位大跳到第三把位的頭一個(gè)音是3，那么就由左手的第三指按音；如果是從相把位大跳到第四把位的頭一個(gè)音是5，那么就由左手第一指按音等等。換把按音的能力要達(dá)到不用腦想眼看的熟練程度為宜。</p><p><strong>　　5、耐力關(guān)。</strong></p><p>　　耐力大小是勝任琵琶快速?gòu)椞舻年P(guān)鍵因素。這是因?yàn)橛行┡锚?dú)奏曲和練習(xí)曲篇幅比較長(zhǎng)，尤其是演奏那些速度快、段落長(zhǎng)的音樂(lè)片段，兩手指沒(méi)有足夠的耐力和潛在的能力是很難適應(yīng)的。因此，具備持久的韌勁和耐力是勝任琵琶演奏的根本所在。怎樣增強(qiáng)持久的耐力呢？</p><p>　　一是要下意識(shí)的鍛煉兩手指快速?gòu)椞舻臐撛谀芰ΑＴ诰毩?xí)琵琶快速?gòu)椞舻木毩?xí)曲中，要堅(jiān)持先慢后快的原則，只有放慢速度，練琴技術(shù)才能夠從根本上得到增強(qiáng)和提高，手指力度才能夠鞏固和發(fā)展。在練習(xí)樂(lè)曲中手腕出現(xiàn)酸疼無(wú)力感時(shí)，這時(shí)不要停下來(lái)，要保持力量，堅(jiān)持彈下去，直至酸疼感消失為止，可休息五分鐘后再繼續(xù)練習(xí)，這樣有利于鍛煉和積淀手指的潛在能力。</p><p>　　二是要堅(jiān)持做好練琴前的手操準(zhǔn)備。即將兩只手舉到面部高度，手指伸直—握拳、再伸直—再握拳，連續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)100次，然后再開(kāi)始練琴，以促進(jìn)兩手的靈活程度。</p><p>　　三是要認(rèn)真練習(xí)每分鐘130拍左右的快速?gòu)椞纛惻镁毩?xí)曲。如音階練習(xí)曲、過(guò)弦練習(xí)曲、換把跳把練習(xí)曲、半音密集練習(xí)曲、移指和變通把位練習(xí)曲等等。要重點(diǎn)練習(xí)《小指練習(xí)》、《音樂(lè)會(huì)練習(xí)曲》、《無(wú)窮動(dòng)練習(xí)曲》、《音節(jié)琶音練習(xí)》、《流浪之歌》、《流暢練習(xí)》、《跳把練習(xí)》等優(yōu)秀的琵琶練習(xí)曲（上述練習(xí)曲可從葉緒然編著的琵琶練習(xí)曲中查找）。演奏練習(xí)曲的時(shí)間要占每天練琴內(nèi)容的50%。要從思想上跳出練習(xí)琵琶獨(dú)奏曲就可以代替琵琶練習(xí)曲之功效的誤區(qū)，只彈獨(dú)奏曲是很難提高快速?gòu)椞魞?nèi)在能力的。因此要通過(guò)反復(fù)練習(xí)這些難度大、速度快的琵琶練習(xí)曲，直至練到左手指尖磨起老繭子，琵琶品上磨出深溝溝，右手指在快速?gòu)椞魰r(shí)產(chǎn)生較大的阻力感和反彈感為止，這才算真正達(dá)到了琵琶快速?gòu)椞艏夹g(shù)的目標(biāo)和能力。</p> 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