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2017年職稱英語(yǔ)試題理工類A完形填空訓(xùn)練題
2017年職稱英語(yǔ)考試備考已經(jīng)開始，不少同學(xué)已開始準(zhǔn)備2017年職稱英語(yǔ)考試復(fù)習(xí)。為了促進(jìn)大家的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理了職稱英語(yǔ)相關(guān)的復(fù)習(xí)資料，下面是2017年職稱英語(yǔ)試題理工類A完形填空訓(xùn)練題。
Avalanche (雪崩) and Its Safety
An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are__________ (1) the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.
All avalanches are caused by an overburden of material, typically snowpack (積雪場(chǎng)), that is too massive and trustable for the slope__________(2) supports it. Determining the critical load,the amount of over-burden which is __________ (3) to cause an avalanche, __________ (4) a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.
Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low __________(5) of avalanche. Snow does not __________(6) significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not__________(7) easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered (激發(fā)) avalanches have the greatest incidence(發(fā)生率) when the snow's angle of rest is __________(8) 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb (經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則) is: A slope that is__________(9) enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with__________ (10); that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.
Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry (人煙稀少的地區(qū))is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous__________(11), including route selection and examination to the snowpack, weather __________ (12), and human factors. Several we|l-known good habits can also __________ (13)the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid__________(14) to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are__________ (15) or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.
1.A. among
B. of
C. to
D. in
2.A. when
B. that
C. who
D. whose
3.A. mostly
B. likely
C. clearly
D. surely
4.A. are
B. will be
C. is
D. was
5.A. weight
B. form
C. risk
D. work
6.A. fall
B. flow
C. roll
D. gather
7.A. fall
B. flow
C. roll
D. gather
8.A. among
B. between
C. with
D. for
9.A. thick
B. thin
C. flat
D. rocky
10. A. use
B. time
C. snow
D. rain
11. A. journey
B. trip
C. Fact
D. process
12. A. conditions
B. reports
C. forecast
D. event
13. A. increase
B. reduce
C. improve
D. remove
14. A. price
B. effort
C. attention
D. money
15. A. missing
B. grown
C. big
D. fresh
答案解析：
1.A。這里考查的是介詞。這里是說(shuō)，雪崩是山上可能發(fā)生的最大危險(xiǎn)之一，因此應(yīng)該選擇among(在……之中)。
2.B。這里考查的是定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的選用原則，確定答案為that，具體參見(jiàn)定語(yǔ)從句【備考助手】。
3.B。這里是說(shuō)，過(guò)度的雪積壓導(dǎo)致雪崩。顯然是可能而不是必定導(dǎo)致雪崩。所以，B是最佳答案。
4.C。這里考查的是主謂一致。該句的主語(yǔ)是determining the critical load，從上下文來(lái)看應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以C是正確答案。
5.C。這里是說(shuō)，坡度小于25度或者大于60度有較低的發(fā)生雪崩的__________ 。weight(重量)、form(形式)、risk(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))、work(工作)分別代入，只有a low risk of avalanche符合上下文的意思。后面的句子解釋了a low risk ofavalanche的道理，證實(shí)了應(yīng)選risk。
6.D。第6題和第7題是講為什么坡度小于25度或者大于60度發(fā)生雪崩的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低。本句是說(shuō)，在坡度大的坡上，雪不會(huì)大量。9ather(聚集)符合語(yǔ)境，因?yàn)樵谄露却蟮钠律涎┎痪奂挪粫?huì)發(fā)生雪崩。
7.B。本句是說(shuō)，在較為平坦的坡面，雪不會(huì)輕易__________ 。roll(滑動(dòng))符合語(yǔ)境，因?yàn)樵谳^為平坦的坡面上雪不會(huì)輕易滑動(dòng)，所以發(fā)生雪崩的危險(xiǎn)比較低。
8.B。本句是說(shuō)，坡度在35——45度之間，最可能發(fā)生人為觸發(fā)的雪崩。between意為“在……之間”。
9.C。這個(gè)句子說(shuō)的是什么樣的山坡最易發(fā)生雪崩，flat有“平坦”之意，與后面的steep形成對(duì)比。
10.A。句中的that is表明，后半部分是對(duì)前半部分的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。所以，這里要根據(jù)下文的意思判斷。use是最佳選擇。整個(gè)句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用得越多，雪崩就越可能發(fā)生。
11.D。盡管選項(xiàng)A、B和D都能和continuous搭配，從全段的內(nèi)容判斷，只有process是最佳選擇，因?yàn)樵摱蚊鑼懙氖侨绾畏纻溲┍兰叭绾巫龊冒踩胧┑纫幌盗袉?wèn)題。
12.A。從上下文來(lái)看，這里談?wù)摰氖侨绾畏纻溲┍�，包括路線的選擇，對(duì)積雪的選擇，天氣和人為因素。選項(xiàng)A、B、C都可以與weather搭配，但是根據(jù)上下文，只有weather condition(天氣狀況)最符合語(yǔ)境。
13.B。從上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，這里還是談?wù)撊绾畏纻溲┍溃赃x項(xiàng)A不符合句子的意思;C不能和risk搭配;D也不符合句子的意思，因?yàn)椴豢赡芡耆┍赖碾[患。
14.c。該句主句使用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞是pay attention to的被動(dòng)形式。選項(xiàng)A、B、D均不符合句子的意思。
15.A。從上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，該句是作者給出的一系列忠告之一，包括認(rèn)真觀察地形、注意明顯的雪崩路徑。這里的or是解題線索，表示or前后的詞在意思上接近，所以選擇missing(缺少的)。
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