六一的由來(lái)
雙語(yǔ)：六一兒童節(jié)的來(lái)歷
早在1949年11月，國(guó)際民主婦女聯(lián)合會(huì)在前蘇聯(lián)莫斯科召開(kāi)會(huì)議，參加會(huì)議的代表為了保證全世界兒童的生存權(quán)、保健權(quán)和受教育權(quán)，反對(duì)帝國(guó)主義戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)販子毒害、虐待兒童，提出了每年的6月1日為國(guó)際兒童節(jié)的建議。從此以后，每年的6月1日，各國(guó)兒童舉行集會(huì)，慶祝自己的節(jié)日。
我國(guó)是在1949年12月23日做出決定，規(guī)定每年6月1日為兒童節(jié)。1950年的6月1日，毛澤東主席還親筆為兒童節(jié)題寫(xiě)“慶祝兒童節(jié)”。今年已是新中國(guó)成立之后的第52個(gè)兒童節(jié)了。同學(xué)們?cè)跉g度節(jié)日的時(shí)候，要時(shí)刻牢記：今天我們是祖國(guó)的花朵，將來(lái)要做社會(huì)主義大廈的棟梁。
關(guān)于“兒童節(jié)由來(lái)”。
每當(dāng)“六一”國(guó)際兒童節(jié)的時(shí)候，孩子們都興高采烈地歡度著自己的節(jié)日。那一張張笑臉，一陣陣歌聲，都充滿了幸福和快樂(lè)。但是你是否知道這“六一”節(jié)的來(lái)歷?是否知道當(dāng)年確定兒童節(jié)的時(shí)候，是因?yàn)槭澜缟嫌袩o(wú)數(shù)的少年兒童在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中被奪去了幼小的生命。
那是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，1942年6月，德國(guó)法西斯槍殺了捷克利迪策村16歲以上的男性公民140余人和全部嬰兒，并把婦女和90名兒童押往集中營(yíng)。村里的房舍、建筑物均被燒毀，好端端的一個(gè)村莊就這樣被德國(guó)法西斯給毀了。
為了悼念利迪策村和全世界所有在法西斯侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中死難的兒童，反對(duì)帝國(guó)主義戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)販子虐殺和毒害兒童，保障兒童權(quán)利，1949年11月國(guó)際民主婦女聯(lián)合會(huì)在莫斯科召開(kāi)執(zhí)委會(huì)，正式?jīng)Q定每年6月1日為全世界少年兒童的節(jié)日，即國(guó)際兒童節(jié)。
新中國(guó)成立后，中央人民政府政務(wù)院于1949年12月23日作出決定，規(guī)定6月1日為新中國(guó)的兒童節(jié)，同時(shí)宣布廢除舊中國(guó)國(guó)民黨政府1931起實(shí)行的4月4日為兒童節(jié)的規(guī)定。
目前，各國(guó)政府普遍關(guān)注兒童的未來(lái)，保護(hù)兒童的權(quán)益。聯(lián)合國(guó)1990年通過(guò)的《兒童權(quán)利公約》，我國(guó)是參與制定國(guó)和簽約國(guó)之一。在批準(zhǔn)《兒童權(quán)利公約》的同一年，我國(guó)頒布了《中華人民共和國(guó)未成年人保護(hù)法》，這對(duì)維護(hù)少年兒童的權(quán)益起到了積極的作用。
為切實(shí)保障兒童健康成長(zhǎng)，中國(guó)立法、司法、政府各有關(guān)部門以及社會(huì)團(tuán)體都建立了相應(yīng)的機(jī)構(gòu)。在全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)和中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議內(nèi)分別設(shè)有負(fù)責(zé)婦女兒童保障的立法和監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)。國(guó)務(wù)院下設(shè)的婦女兒童工作委員會(huì)，負(fù)責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)和推動(dòng)政府有關(guān)部門做好維護(hù)兒童權(quán)益的保障工作，為兒童辦實(shí)事。
61 children festivals origin As early as in November, 1949, the international democraticWomen's Federation held the conference in the former Soviet UnionMoscow, attended the conference the representative in order toguarantee the world child's right to subsistence, the health carepower and are educated the power, the anti-imperialism war peddlerpoisoned, the maltreatment child, proposed every year on June 1 forthe International Children's Day suggestion. From then on, every yearon June 1, the various countries' child holds the assembly, celebratesown holiday.
Our country was makes the decision in December 23, 1949, stipulationevery year June 1 for the child festival. 1950 on June 1, Chairman MaoZedong also the own handwriting wrote for the child festival topic"celebrates the child festival". This year already was new China hadbeen established after the 52nd child festival. The schoolmates arecelebrating joyfully the holiday time, must frequently keep firmly inmind: Today we are the motherland flowers, future will have to makethe socialism building pillar of the state.
About "child festival origin".
Whenever "61" International Children's Day time, the children alljubilantly are celebrating joyfully own holiday. That smiling face, anintermittent singing sound, has all filled happy and is joyful. Butyou whether do know this "61" the festival origin? Whether knew thesame year determined child festival time, is because in the world hadthe innumerable youth to take away in the war the immature life.
That is in Second World War period, in June, 1942, the German Fascistgunned down Czechoslovakia 利迪 to whip village 16 year old of abovethe masculine citizen 140 person and the complete baby, and detainedthe woman and 90 children toward the concentration camp. In thevillage houses, the building are burned down, an in good conditionvillage on for is destroyed like this by the German Fascist.
In order to mourn 利迪 whips the village and the world possesses thechild which dies by accident in the Fascist aggressive war, theanti-imperialism war peddler kills by mistreatment and poisons thechild, safeguards the right of the child, in November, 1949 theinternational democratic Women's Federation held the executivecommittee in Moscow, officially decided every year June 1 for theworld youth's holiday, namely International Children's Day.
After new China had been established, the Central People's Governmentstate administrative council made the decision to December 23, 1949,stipulated in June on 1 for the new China's child festival,simultaneously announced abolished old Kuomintang party government1,931 implementations on April 4 for the child festival stipulation. At present, the various countries' government generally will payattention to child's future, will protect child's rights andinterests. Of United Nations in 1990 through "Convention on the Rightsof Children", our country is participates in one of the formulationcountry and signing a treaty countries. Is authorizing "Convention onthe Rights of Children" the identical year, our country haspromulgated "People's Republic of China Minor Protection method", thisto maintained youth's rights and interests to play the positive role.
For practically safeguards the child health to grow, China legislated,judicial, government each department concerned as well as the socialgroup has all established the corresponding organization. Separatelyis equipped with at the National People's Congress and in the Chinesepeople political consultative conference is responsible for thelegislation and the cognizant agency which the women and childrensafeguards. Under the State Council supposes the women and childrenworking committee, is responsible to coordinate and the impetusgovernment department concerned completes maintains the child rightsand interests the safeguard work, does the practical work for thechild.
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