托福寫(xiě)作筆試經(jīng)驗(yàn)
托�？荚囍械膶�(xiě)作有什么技巧呢?下面是小編整理的托福寫(xiě)作筆試經(jīng)驗(yàn)，歡迎大家閱讀，希望能幫助到大家。
表述觀點(diǎn)的托福寫(xiě)作短語(yǔ)
新托福寫(xiě)作是中國(guó)考生的弱項(xiàng)，其中語(yǔ)法、用詞以及邏輯思維是寫(xiě)作的問(wèn)題所在，只有在日常生活中多讀些范文，了解新托福寫(xiě)作中的邏輯思維，從哪方面考慮問(wèn)題，句型難度，才可更好的進(jìn)行鍛煉。以下是智課推薦的搞定托福寫(xiě)作的訣竅。
托福寫(xiě)作其實(shí)真的不難, 當(dāng)然要保證聽(tīng)力比較好,重點(diǎn)都能聽(tīng)出來(lái)才行.根據(jù)兩年多的機(jī)經(jīng)來(lái)看,閱讀聽(tīng)力各三點(diǎn), 把六點(diǎn)進(jìn)行有效排序, 一篇完美的文章可就新鮮出爐啦!
提醒:每人要有自己的模版, 下列模版僅供參考, 不可直接享用.
Integrated task:
表示陳述了某種觀點(diǎn)的：
Indicate, state, claim, believe, argue, say, hold, discuss, mention, contend, demonstrate, raise the issue, according to the professor/writer…..
表示觀點(diǎn)相反的：
Cast doubt on, refute, rebuke, refuse, question, disagree with, oppose, contradict, on the contrary, differ from
表示支持的：
Support, strengthen, agree with, reinforce, present the same idea
常用表示總結(jié)聽(tīng)力和閱讀材料觀點(diǎn)不同的句子：
1. This directly contradicts what the passage indicates.
2. this entirely opposes the writer’s expectation.
3. this is where the speaker disagrees with the writer.
4. this is another part where experience contradict theory.
模版：
In the lecture, the professor states that..., which differs from the point of the reading, the passsage contends that......
As for the writer, the writer indicates that.......R1.....On the contrary, the instructor argues that L1.....+detail.
In the lecture, the speaker raises the issue that L2+detail ......., yet the reading passage belives that.......R2...
In the lecture, the professor says L3.....+detail...., and what the professor says opposes the idea of reading which holds that R3.........
In a word, what is discussed in the lecture entirely opposes the writer’s expectation.
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作提分技巧
首先，避免過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單的詞匯。
對(duì)于托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作來(lái)說(shuō)，詞匯是最為基礎(chǔ)的環(huán)節(jié)，而如果閱讀過(guò)一下高分寫(xiě)作范文之后，你就不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中的用詞一般都會(huì)比較豐富。所以，沖刺托福寫(xiě)作，詞匯是最為基礎(chǔ)的環(huán)節(jié)。而對(duì)于很多初入托福的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，寫(xiě)作中習(xí)慣用簡(jiǎn)單的詞匯，比如，在描述生活或工作普通而又尋常的時(shí)候，大都會(huì)用common這個(gè)詞，但是這個(gè)詞的描寫(xiě)比較籠統(tǒng)，不如tedious(單調(diào)沉悶的;冗長(zhǎng)乏味的)，恰好傳達(dá)出現(xiàn)實(shí)生活由于瑣碎和重復(fù)而變得索然無(wú)味。而在這里也要提醒大家，托福寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中，詞匯的使用是要以精準(zhǔn)，沒(méi)有必要使用太多高端詞匯，否則在作文中結(jié)果只能適得其反。
其次，句型學(xué)會(huì)靈活的使用。
相比學(xué)會(huì)背誦詞匯而言，對(duì)于使用句型來(lái)說(shuō)，簡(jiǎn)單的學(xué)會(huì)“背”是肯定不能應(yīng)對(duì)托福寫(xiě)作的。在文章中只有地道的“詞”，卻沒(méi)有地道的“句”，那整篇文章還是不夠地道的。在托福的寫(xiě)作中，能否靈活的使用句式，就是評(píng)判高手與新人的最快辦法。而想要快速提升自己的寫(xiě)作能力，不妨在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中，閱讀高分范文，找到其中一些不錯(cuò)的句式，將其記錄下來(lái)，并連續(xù)修改變成自己的句式，運(yùn)用到自己的.文章中。
最后，寫(xiě)作法不斷的練習(xí)。
在托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中，在網(wǎng)上有著很多方法都被大家推薦，比如，先寫(xiě)開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾，再寫(xiě)其中分論點(diǎn)等等。但是，無(wú)論是怎樣的寫(xiě)作方法，實(shí)際的練習(xí)才是最為重要的。而在寫(xiě)作練習(xí)中，我們也要建議大家，要對(duì)這些寫(xiě)過(guò)的作文要好好保存。隨著詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句式的不斷累積，大家可以不斷回看這些作文為其加之修改和潤(rùn)色，同時(shí)加深記憶。
托福寫(xiě)作高分實(shí)用模板及使用方法
寫(xiě)作第一題：綜合寫(xiě)作
�、賂he lecture completely refutes the passage. It is said in the lecture that聽(tīng)力要點(diǎn).
�、贏ccording to the professor in the lecture, 聽(tīng)力1. This directly contradicts/supports what the reading passage indicates, because 閱讀1.
�、跿he lecture believes that 聽(tīng)力2. This point disagrees/enhances with the statement demonstrated in the reading that 閱讀2.
④In the listening, the professor says that 聽(tīng)力3， which differs from/upholds the reading in that the reading states閱讀3.
寫(xiě)作第二題：獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作
1、因果解釋型論證體系：現(xiàn)象引出→原因分析→結(jié)果分析
Currently, 抽象事物 has loomed up wide public concern. What amazes us most is that具體事物. (→趨勢(shì)化) It is true that the trend of this is seemingly on the rise in all walks of life. (→原因解釋化) We may cite a variety of reasons accounting for this. The major ones can be listed as follows.
First and foremost, _____ play a pushing role.
In addition, ______.
Last but not least, _____.
(→結(jié)果化) As a consequence, _____.
2、問(wèn)題解決型論證體系：描述現(xiàn)狀→建議措施
With the advancement of modern society, __has become a social problem of public concern. Meanwhile, it has given rise to a series of other matters, such as A and B. So it is high time we put an immediate end to this “Pandora’s Box”. It is true that awareness of the problem is the first step toward the solution. As is known to all, we have figured out several efficacious steps to tackle this problem.
In the first place, ___. In the second place, ___.In the third place, ____. Therefore, only in this way can we ___.
3、觀點(diǎn)論證型論證體系：含義揭示→含義解析
As a human being, one can hardly do without _____. Living in the society, no one can deny that it is ____ that enables us to ___. Consequently, in this modern society where ____, ____ has been regarded as a necessity for ____. As to what ___ means, my opinions/definitions are as follows. First of all, ____. What really counts, in my mind, is that ______. Lastly, _____.
In conclusion, based on the reasons I discussed above,(please rewrite the first paragraph in another way). . .
托福寫(xiě)作段落的擴(kuò)展方法：
(一)舉例
1.Paragons (典型代表), such A and B respectively, come immediately to my mind. __________.
2. While such cases are rare, they do occur occasionally. A case in point relates to sb in the field of __________.
(二)引用
1. As a saying goes, “__________”, which is to say (relation) .
2. According to a well-known scientist WXL (and I paraphrase), __________, in other words, __________.
3. __________. Such of remark of sb, one of the best-known scientists.
(三)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查
According to the statistical result of a recent survey, A and B have soared, respectively, by ____ and ___. In contrast, C declined at an accelerating rate, and it is also the case with D. The statistical result illustrates that ____.
(四)反證法
With A, ______. Without A, _____.
(五)類(lèi)比對(duì)比法
similarly, by the same token (同理)
in like manner, likewise
in contrast
on the contrary
托福寫(xiě)作三大論證法
方法一：舉實(shí)例
舉實(shí)例是在文章主體部分最常用也是最實(shí)用的方法!而且這也是我們揭示一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)最好的方式，任何情況下，只要我們無(wú)法繼續(xù)文章，不管三七二十一，盡管舉例子!
或者上面我們舉過(guò)的例子：
I cannot bear it.
可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá)：I cannot put up with it.
因此可以這樣說(shuō)：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.
方法二：擅用“換言之”
沒(méi)話說(shuō)了，可以換一句話再說(shuō)，讓你的文章在多一些字，或者文鄒鄒地說(shuō)，是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點(diǎn)。
實(shí)際就是重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)!下面的句子實(shí)際上就三個(gè)字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
更多短語(yǔ)：
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply
方法三：作比較
方法：寫(xiě)完一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，比較與之相似的;又寫(xiě)完一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，再比較與之相反的;
世界上沒(méi)有同樣的指紋，沒(méi)有相同的樹(shù)葉，文章亦同，只有通過(guò)比較，你才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點(diǎn)(through comparison)和不同點(diǎn)(through contrast)。下面是一些短語(yǔ)：
相似的比較：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比較：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with … …
寫(xiě)作備考必背的加分句式
一、倒裝句
1.Only in this way can the problem be tackled properly.
只有這樣才能妥善地解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
2.Only when children take arduous efforts can they become successful.
只有當(dāng)孩子們付出艱苦的努力他們才能獲得成功。
3.Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, butstudents learn how to handle interpersonal relations.
在校學(xué)習(xí)不僅為了學(xué)術(shù)目的，而且還可以學(xué)會(huì)如何處理人際關(guān)系。
4.Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative informationon mass media blindly.
青少年決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從大眾媒體上的不良信息。
5.So valuable is water that we cannot afford to waste it.
時(shí)間是如此珍貴，我們經(jīng)不起浪費(fèi)它。
6.Nowadays, most dangerous for youngsters is the tendency to indulgein playing PC games.
如今對(duì)青少年最為危險(xiǎn)的事情是傾向于過(guò)多地玩電腦游戲。
二、強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1.It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance thathuman beings ought to protect the endangered animal species.
正是為了維持生態(tài)平衡，人類(lèi)才應(yīng)該保護(hù)地球上瀕危的動(dòng)物物種。
2.It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARSand AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for thegovernment to invest more money in medical care.
直到人們患了像非典和愛(ài)滋病這樣致命的疾病時(shí)，才意識(shí)到政府把更多的錢(qián)投入到醫(yī)療上的重要性。
三、比較句
1.Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high foryoungsters from single-parent families as for those intraditional households. (同級(jí)比較)
研究表明來(lái)自單親家庭的青少年犯罪率是來(lái)自傳統(tǒng)家庭的兩倍。
2.Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure timethan they did previously. (比較級(jí))
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，現(xiàn)代人比過(guò)去享有更少的休閑時(shí)間。
3.Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligencedo more well in their school work and intelligence tests.
與不同能力的孩子相比，聰明的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)和智力測(cè)驗(yàn)方面表現(xiàn)更加突出。
4.Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teacherscreate the true value for their society.
與明星不同，其他專(zhuān)業(yè)人員如醫(yī)生和教師為社會(huì)創(chuàng)造了真正的價(jià)值。
5.Air is to human what (as) water is to fish.
空氣對(duì)人類(lèi)就如同水對(duì)魚(yú)一樣
四、插入語(yǔ)
1.Computers, most important of all, create wide communication aroundthe world. 最重要的是，計(jì)算機(jī)在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。
2.Providing more parking areas, in the long run, has proved to be apractical way out in many large cities in the world.
從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的利益來(lái)看，提供更多的停車(chē)位證明是許多世界大城市切實(shí)可行的出路。
3.Observing local culture, consciously and unconsciously, can reducethe chance of offending the locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment andeven conflict.
無(wú)論是否意識(shí)到，遵循當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕梢詼p少冒犯當(dāng)?shù)厝说臋C(jī)會(huì)，否則，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致尷尬甚至沖突。
4.Space exploration, some people believe, will bring some unexpecteddiscoveries.
有人相信空間探索將會(huì)帶來(lái)意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
五、原因句
1.Violent films can do harm to young people, because they containsnumerous negative information.
暴力影片對(duì)年輕人是有害的，因?yàn)槠渲邪罅控?fù)面信息。
2.Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animalextinction.
野生動(dòng)物滅絕的主要責(zé)任在人類(lèi)。
3.We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals whichdo substantial contributions to the experiment.
我們應(yīng)該把醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歸因于動(dòng)物對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
4.Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the mostserious problems.
由于人口過(guò)剩，水短缺已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。
5.Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young peoplefind themselves under great pressure.
由于當(dāng)今世界的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，大量的年輕人承受巨大的壓力。
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