考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句翻譯分析
對(duì)于考研學(xué)子來(lái)說(shuō),現(xiàn)階段考研英語(yǔ)的主要復(fù)習(xí)任務(wù)是攻克詞匯和語(yǔ)法長(zhǎng)難句,在此為各位考生歸納總結(jié)了長(zhǎng)難句學(xué)習(xí)的要點(diǎn),希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助。
1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
[譯文] 盡管警告常常是適當(dāng)而且必須的——比如對(duì)于藥物相互作用的危險(xiǎn)提出警告— 許多警告還是按州或聯(lián)邦政府規(guī)定要求給出的,然而(我們)并不清楚,如果顧客受到害時(shí),這些警告是不是確實(shí)可以使得生產(chǎn)者和銷(xiāo)售者豁免責(zé)任。
[分析] 在這個(gè)主從復(fù)合句中,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured 是主句。主句用了一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ) it,真正的主語(yǔ)是 that 引導(dǎo)的從句,而 that 從句之后是一個(gè) if 引導(dǎo)的條件從句。從句由兩個(gè)部分組成,中間用 and 連接。破折號(hào)之間的部分是舉例說(shuō)明 warnings的內(nèi)容。注意:many are required by state or federal regulations 中的 many 是指 manywarnings。
2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements — themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
[譯文] 由于人口猛增或大量人口流動(dòng)(現(xiàn)代交通工具使大量人口流動(dòng)變得相對(duì)容易) 所引起的各種問(wèn)題也會(huì)對(duì)社會(huì)造成新的壓力。
[分析] 句子主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 Additional social stresses may also occur because of...簡(jiǎn)單句+because of 表示的原因狀語(yǔ), 整句翻譯應(yīng)該根據(jù)先原因后結(jié)果的原則, 將主句放在最后;becauseof 后面有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ) the population explosion or problems;名詞 problems 帶有現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)arising from mass migration movements;themselves 指前面的名詞短語(yǔ) massmigration movements,后面的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)是 themselves 的定語(yǔ)。
3、There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the news room seem alien to many readers.
[譯文] 新聞?dòng)浾吆妥x者之間存在著社會(huì)和文化方面的脫節(jié),這就是為什么新聞編輯室的“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模式”似乎與許多讀者的意趣相差甚遠(yuǎn)。
[分析] 主句也是一個(gè)there 加系動(dòng)詞的.用法。而表語(yǔ)后都有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。本句的定語(yǔ)從句是 which helps explain why the “standard templates” of thenewsroom seem alien to many readers 。Alien 本義為異國(guó)的,此處是相差甚遠(yuǎn),背道而馳。如果考生不了解 standard templates 的意思,可以從上下文中找其相同作用和功能的詞組,如上句中的 a story line 和 backbone,那么就應(yīng)該知道它們指的都是記者們?cè)趯?xiě)新聞和評(píng)論時(shí)固定的套路和思維。
4、This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.
[譯文] 這種現(xiàn)象引起了人們對(duì)小型經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體、民族商人的作用以及世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的最終穩(wěn)定性的極大關(guān)注。
[分析] 全句的主干是 This phenomenon has created serious concerns。人們的擔(dān)憂實(shí)際包含兩個(gè)方面(即句子的兩個(gè)狀語(yǔ)): 一個(gè)是 the role (of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen) , 另一個(gè)是 the ultimate stability (of the world economy) 。但是由于兩個(gè)狀語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng),建議在翻譯時(shí)調(diào)整一下句子的結(jié)構(gòu),這樣句子肯定更通暢些。
5、Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less indemand today than a decade or two years ago.
[譯文] 當(dāng)然, 人們現(xiàn)在對(duì)成功及其標(biāo)志的興趣似乎并未比從前減弱。 避暑別墅、 歐洲旅行、 寶馬車(chē)—它們的位置、地名和商標(biāo)可能會(huì)改變,但現(xiàn)在對(duì)這些東西的需求似乎并未比一二十年前減少。
[分析] 此處出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)比較級(jí), less interested in success and its signs now than formerly 和 less indemand today than a decade or two years ago。 另外要特別注意句中的雙重否定: 一是 do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly,一是 do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago。
以上就是提供給大家的思路,希望大家可以有所受益。英語(yǔ)最主要的是需要練習(xí),希望大家可以多多練習(xí),預(yù)祝大家考研成功。
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