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2017年雅思寫作7分的正確提分方式
許多考生在準(zhǔn)備雅思考試的寫作部分時將精力花在了背誦單詞和練習(xí)句型上,然而寫作的評分并不單由Lexicalresources和 Grammatical range and accuracy 這兩項決定。與它們同樣重要的還有審題相關(guān)的Task achievement/response,以及邏輯相關(guān)的coherence and cohesion。最后一項CC實際上有一些規(guī)律,可以在平時的練習(xí)中好好掌握拿下得分。下面是yjbys小編為大家?guī)淼难潘紝懽?分的正確提分方式,歡迎閱讀。
Band 7
• logically organizes information and ideas; there is clear progression throughout;
• uses a range of cohesive devices appropriately although there may be some under-/over-use;
• presents a clear central topic within each paragraph;
Band 6
• arranges information and ideas coherently and there is a clear overall progression
• uses cohesive devices effectively, but cohesion within and/or between sentences may be
faulty or mechanical
• may not always use referencing clearly or appropriately
從上列文字不難發(fā)現(xiàn)6分和7分檔共同提到了一個詞組cohesivedevices,意為連接方式,銜接手段。cohesive devices 主要包含7類方式:
一、代詞
代詞的使用尤其在6分檔中十分關(guān)鍵。一般在雅思寫作task1比較關(guān)系中除了使用常規(guī)的人稱代詞之外,還需要使用到that。很多學(xué)生分不清何時使用that和it,事實上只要判斷清需要替代的詞是之前的原詞重現(xiàn)還是同類詞就可以簡單地進行區(qū)分。例如:
The number of football players among these people was 230, three times larger than that(不同人的數(shù)量)of netball participants.
The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010.It(仍然是前文足球選手的數(shù)量)then experienced a sharp decline.
二、上下義詞
上義詞是對事物的概括性、抽象性說明;下義詞是事物的具體表現(xiàn)形式或更為具體的說明。
例如:mobiles: 手機,portable electronic devices:可移動電子產(chǎn)品,前者是后者的下義詞。
雅思寫作時有時需要對前文內(nèi)容進行重復(fù),使用this或these+ 上義詞的辦法可以既避免重復(fù)又完成語義的銜接。
三、同位語
一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行解釋或補充說明,這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格式要一致,并常常緊挨在一起。
The US was the main souce country of coffee production in 2012.
This country saw a decline in the market share of coffee then.
這兩句話中第一句就是對US進行補充說明,可以合并為 The US,the main souce country of coffee production in 2012,saw adecline in the market share of coffee then.
四、并列連詞
并列連詞主要包括and,but,yet,for,nor,or。這類詞一般放置于兩個獨立的句子之間,跟在逗號后。這類句子屬于復(fù)雜句但又不是從句,寫作難度很低,推薦大家至少使用一次。值得注意的是在使用這種句型時很多人的標(biāo)點符號出現(xiàn)了錯誤。兩句話的結(jié)構(gòu)如果完整即是兩個獨立的句子了,此時必須用句號隔開,或者在逗號后加上連詞,否則錯誤。例如:
The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010.It then experienced a sharp decline.
The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010,andit then experienced a sharp decline.
The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010, it then experienced a sharp decline.❌
五、從屬連詞
從屬副詞和并列連詞類似,放置與兩句之間,但是這類句子顧名思義有主從之分,也就是我們常說的狀語從句。鑒于狀語的分類有原因結(jié)果時間地點方式假設(shè)讓步等,與之匹配的從屬連詞也比并列連詞多得多。使用狀語從句需要和并列分句區(qū)別開來:狀語從句不能用逗號與主句隔開。比如:
The government budget on healthcare will be tighter as aged population becomes bigger.
as aged population becomes bigger,the government budget on healthcare will be tighter .
The government budget on healthcare will be tighter 。As aged population becomes bigger。❌
六、關(guān)系代詞
關(guān)系代詞即我們使用在定語從句中的which,that。作為難度略高的一種復(fù)雜句型,我們在發(fā)現(xiàn)前后兩句中有重合的單詞就可以嘗試合并。The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010.It then experienced a sharp decline。
It 指代的是前一句的主語the number of football players,所以可以換成定語從句The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010,whichthen experienced a sharp decline。
而then 可以視作after 2010,還可以換成定語從句The number of football players among these people was largest in 2010,after which it experienced a sharp decline.
七、句外連接詞
最后一種方法是使用一些transition words。這些詞的出現(xiàn)標(biāo)志著新的句子出現(xiàn),所以常常放置于句首,并使用逗號隔開。例如However,I agree more with those supporting streaming classes.
這七種手段在6分檔中要求能夠“有效”使用,但是考官容許偶爾的多用或者少用甚至用錯,所以目標(biāo)六分的同學(xué)需要掌握其中幾種,然而七分要求arange,這意味著光使用一兩種方式是遠遠不夠的。目標(biāo)七分的同學(xué)應(yīng)該竭盡全力在文章中將這些方法統(tǒng)統(tǒng)使用出來,唯有此才有機會讓考官評得七分。
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