引導(dǎo)語:小編把GMATpre和OG真題按著題型進(jìn)行逐題分析,找到最佳的考試考點(diǎn)。
GMAT的重點(diǎn)題型之一平行并列:
平行并列:見到平行看結(jié)構(gòu),形式功能要對(duì)稱.就GMAT而言,平行并列是考試中的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn),英語(Q吧)稱其為parallelstructure:thisisalittlebitlikemakingsurethatthetwosidesofamathematicalequationarebalance.就解題而言要求做到四個(gè)點(diǎn)。
形式對(duì)稱
概念對(duì)等
功能相同
含義單一
一)形式對(duì)稱:
指平行并列連接詞前后的詞形式上完全對(duì)稱
下面以GMATpretest1為例:
例1:Theairlinecompany,followingthroughonrecentwarningsthatitmightstartreducingservice,announcedthatitwaseliminatingjetservicetoninecities,closingsomeunneededoperations,anditgroundedtwenty-twoplanes.
(A)closingsomeunneededoperations,anditgrounded
(B)closingsomeunneededoperations,andgrounding
(C)wasclosingsomeunneededoperations,whileitgrounded
(D)itclosedsomeunneededoperationsandgrounded
(E)itwasclosingsomeunneededoperations,andgrounding
譯文:航空公司遵照最近的警告它可能會(huì)開始減少服務(wù)而宣布它將會(huì)減少噴氣機(jī)服務(wù)到九個(gè)城市,關(guān)閉不需要的操作和停飛22架飛機(jī)。
分析:平行并列結(jié)構(gòu),形式要對(duì)稱.所以本題答案是Beliminating,closingandgrounding本題重點(diǎn)考查平行并列結(jié)構(gòu).都是航空公司做的三個(gè)動(dòng)作。
例2Thelistofanimalsthatexhibitsapreferenceofeitherusingtherightorthelefthand(i.e.,claw,paw,orfoot)hasbeenexpandedtoincludethelowervertebrates.
(A)exhibitsapreferenceofeitherusingtherightorthelefthand(i.e.,claw,paw,orfoot)hasbeenexpandedtoinclude
(B)exhibitsthepreferencetouseeithertherightorthelefthand(i.e.,claw,paw,orfoot)hasbeenexpandedandincludes
(C)exhibitapreferenceineitherusingtherightorthelefthand(i.e.,claw,paw,orfoot)hasbeenexpandedtoinclude
(D)exhibitapreferenceforusingeithertherightorthelefthand(i.e.,claw,paw,orfoot)hasbeenexpandedtoinclude
(E)exhibitthepreferenceastoeitherusingtherightorthelefthand(i.e.,claw,paw,orfoot)hasbeenexpandedandincludes
譯文:動(dòng)物展示出用左手或右手等的列表已經(jīng)進(jìn)一步的擴(kuò)大到了更為低等的脊椎動(dòng)物
分析:定語從句的主謂一致取決于所修飾對(duì)象.前面出現(xiàn)的是animals所以應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù).答案只能在CDE中產(chǎn)生.eitheror要求形式是要對(duì)稱.而C和E選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了eitherusingortheleft表達(dá)錯(cuò)。
由此可見GMAT在考查平行并列過程中要求前后嚴(yán)格對(duì)稱。
二)概念對(duì)等:
平行并列過程中,要求概念要對(duì)等,就名詞而言,特指對(duì)特指,抽象對(duì)抽象,具體對(duì)具體.它們從來不相互對(duì)應(yīng)進(jìn)行并列。
NewtheoriesproposethatcatastrophicimpactsofasteroidsandcometsmayhavecausedreversalsintheEarth’smagneticfield,theonsetoficeages,splittingapartcontinents80millionyearsago,andgreatvolcaniceruptions.
Asplittingapartcontinents
Bthesplittingapartofcontinents
Csplitapartcontinents
Dcontinentssplitapart’
Econtinentsthatweresplitapart
譯文:新的理論提出小行星和慧星災(zāi)難性的影響可能引地磁場(chǎng)的顛倒,冰川時(shí)代的到來,8千萬年前大陸的分裂以及火山的噴發(fā)。
分析:本題平行并列部分是.Reversals,theonset,….Anderuption顯然是由動(dòng)詞的抽象名詞詞形的并列。所以動(dòng)詞的抽象名詞表結(jié)果,只能和抽象名詞并列,而doing強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)做,就splittingapart而言,無名詞,所以只能用thesplittingapart表達(dá)此意。
本題選的是B